CryptoSkills
Open-source agent skills for all of crypto. Production-ready protocol knowledge for AI coding agents.
aave
Aave V3 lending protocol integration — supply, borrow, repay, withdraw, flash loans, E-Mode, and health factor monitoring. Covers IPool interface in Solidity and viem-based TypeScript for reading protocol state, executing transactions, and managing positions across Ethereum, Arbitrum, Optimism, Base, and Polygon.
account-abstraction
ERC-4337 and EIP-7702 unified reference — EntryPoint v0.7 architecture, UserOperation lifecycle, bundler and paymaster roles, EIP-7702 EOA delegation (Type 0x04 transactions), combined ERC-4337 + EIP-7702 flows, paymaster patterns (verifying, ERC-20, sponsoring), permissionless.js SDK, ZeroDev Kernel, session keys (ERC-7579), gas abstraction, and stack selection guidance.
aptos
Aptos Move-based L1 development — Move modules with global storage, resource accounts, Aptos SDK (@aptos-labs/ts-sdk), Coin standard, Token V2 (Digital Assets), view functions, multi-agent transactions, gas estimation, and Block-STM parallel execution.
arbitrum
Arbitrum Nitro L2 development — deployment, cross-chain messaging (Retryable Tickets), Orbit chains, ArbOS precompiles, bridging, and gas model differences from Ethereum.
arbitrum-stylus
Arbitrum Stylus development — write smart contracts in Rust, C, and C++ compiled to WASM. Covers Stylus SDK, storage patterns, ABI export, deployment, testing, and Solidity interop.
axelar
Axelar cross-chain messaging and token routing — General Message Passing (GMP), Interchain Token Service (ITS) for native multichain tokens, AxelarExecutable contract pattern, gas estimation, and cross-chain token deployment. Covers Axelar SDK, Gateway contract, and GasService integration.
base
Base L2 development (Coinbase) — deployment, OnchainKit, Paymaster (gasless transactions), Smart Wallet, Base Account SDK, and OP Stack integration. Built on Optimism's OP Stack.
brian-api
Brian API — natural language to executable Web3 transactions. Convert text intents into swap, bridge, transfer, deposit, withdraw, and borrow transactions across multiple chains. REST API, LangChain integration, and knowledge queries for DeFi protocol data.
certora
Certora formal verification with CVL — write mathematical proofs for smart contract correctness. Rules, invariants, ghost variables, hooks, parametric rules, multi-contract verification, and counter-example debugging.
chainlink
Chainlink oracle integration — price feeds (AggregatorV3Interface), VRF v2.5 verifiable randomness, Automation (Keepers) for conditional execution, and CCIP cross-chain messaging. Covers staleness checks, decimal normalization, subscription management, and upkeep patterns across Ethereum, Arbitrum, and Base.
code-recon
Deep architectural context building for security audits. Use when conducting security reviews, building codebase understanding, mapping trust boundaries, or preparing for vulnerability analysis. Inspired by Trail of Bits methodology.
coinbase-agentkit
Coinbase AgentKit — build AI agents with onchain capabilities. Wallet creation/management, token transfers, swaps, contract deployment, NFT minting, and ENS registration. Framework integrations with LangChain and Vercel AI SDK. Supports Base, Ethereum, Arbitrum, and Polygon.
coingecko
Complete CoinGecko Solana API integration for token prices, DEX pool data, OHLCV charts, trades, and market analytics. Use for building trading bots, portfolio trackers, price feeds, and on-chain data applications.
compound
Compound V3 (Comet) lending protocol — supply, borrow, repay, withdraw, liquidation, governance proposals, and cross-chain Comet deployments. Covers Comet interface (single-asset borrowing), Configurator, Bulker for batched operations, and COMP governance across Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Optimism, and Polygon.
contract-addresses
Verified contract addresses for major EVM protocols across Ethereum, Arbitrum, Optimism, Base, and Polygon. Covers tokens, DEXes, lending, bridges, and infrastructure. Use as a reference when building integrations — every address is checksummed and should be verified onchain before use in production.
curve
Curve Finance AMM — StableSwap pools for pegged assets, CryptoSwap (Tricrypto) for volatile pairs, crvUSD stablecoin with LLAMMA soft-liquidation, gauge voting for CRV emissions, factory pools, and LP token staking. Covers pool interfaces (exchange, add_liquidity, remove_liquidity), Router for optimal routing, and gauge system across Ethereum mainnet.
debridge
Complete deBridge Protocol SDK for building cross-chain bridges, message passing, and token transfers on Solana. Use when building cross-chain applications, bridging assets between Solana and EVM chains, or implementing trustless external calls.
dflow
Complete DFlow trading protocol SDK - the single source of truth for integrating DFlow on Solana. Covers spot trading, prediction markets, Swap API, Metadata API, WebSocket streaming, and all DFlow tools.
drift
Complete Drift Protocol SDK for building perpetual futures, spot trading, and DeFi applications on Solana. Use when building trading bots, integrating Drift markets, managing positions, or working with vaults.
echidna
Echidna property-based fuzzer for Solidity — property mode, assertion mode, optimization mode, invariant writing, corpus management, config tuning, and Foundry integration. Catch bugs that static analysis misses with stateful fuzzing.
eigenlayer
EigenLayer restaking protocol — stake ETH and LSTs to secure AVSs (Actively Validated Services), operator registration and delegation, reward claiming, and slashing conditions. Covers StrategyManager, DelegationManager, AVSDirectory, and the restaking lifecycle on Ethereum mainnet.
eip-reference
Ethereum Improvement Proposals and ERC standards reference — ERC-20, ERC-721, ERC-1155, ERC-4626, ERC-2981, EIP-712, EIP-1559, EIP-2612 (Permit), EIP-4337 (Account Abstraction), EIP-4844 (Proto-Danksharding), EIP-7702 (EOA Delegation), ERC-8004 (Agent Identity). Quick lookup, interface signatures, and implementation patterns.
eliza
elizaOS multi-agent AI framework — character files, plugin system, platform connectors, trust scoring, RAG knowledge, and Solana wallet integration. Use when building autonomous AI agents with personality, multi-platform presence, or onchain capabilities.
ens
ENS (Ethereum Name Service) development — name resolution, registration via commit-reveal, text/address records, reverse resolution, avatar retrieval, subdomains, and Name Wrapper integration. Covers viem's built-in ENS actions, resolver patterns, CCIP-Read for offchain data, and contract interactions with the ENS registry on Ethereum mainnet.
eth-concepts
Core Ethereum development concepts including gas mechanics, transaction types, storage layout, ABI encoding, and EVM execution model. Use as a reference when building on Ethereum or EVM chains.
ethers-js
ethers.js v6 TypeScript/JavaScript Ethereum library — Provider, Signer, Contract interaction, ABI encoding/decoding, event filters, ENS resolution, and BigNumber-to-bigint migration from v5. Covers JsonRpcProvider, BrowserProvider, Wallet, ContractFactory, and typed contract interfaces.
evm-nfts
ERC-721 and ERC-1155 NFT development patterns for EVM chains. Covers minting, metadata, royalties, marketplace integration with Seaport, and security pitfalls. Uses OpenZeppelin v5.6.1.
evm-testing
Comprehensive testing patterns for EVM smart contracts. Covers unit tests, fuzz testing, invariant testing, fork testing, and gas optimization with Foundry and Hardhat. Focuses on patterns and techniques — not CLI usage or project setup.
farcaster
Onchain social protocol with Neynar API, Frames v2 Mini Apps, and transaction frames. Covers Snapchain architecture, FID registry on OP Mainnet, and Warpcast integration.
foundry
Foundry toolkit for Solidity development — forge (build/test), cast (chain interaction), anvil (local node), and chisel (REPL). Covers project setup, testing patterns (unit, fuzz, invariant, fork), deployment via forge script, contract verification, gas optimization, and debugging. Works on any EVM chain.
frontend-ux
dApp frontend UX patterns and production readiness — wallet connection flows (RainbowKit, multi-state), four-state transaction lifecycle, error handling taxonomy (4001 user rejection, insufficient funds, revert decoding), gas estimation with USD display, network switching, approval patterns (infinite vs exact, Permit2), mobile wallet support (WalletConnect v2, EIP-6963), and production QA checklist.
glam
Solana vault management via GLAM Protocol. Triggers: glam, glam-cli, glam-sdk, vault create/manage, tokenized vault, share class, DeFi vault, treasury, asset management, access control, delegate permissions, Jupiter swap, Drift perpetuals/spot/vaults, Kamino lending/borrow/vaults/farms, staking (Marinade/native/SPL/Sanctum/LST), cross-chain USDC (CCTP), timelock, subscription/redemption, NAV pricing, token transfer. Supports CLI and TypeScript SDK.
gmx
GMX V2 perpetual and spot DEX — spot swaps, perpetual trading (50x leverage), liquidity provision (GM tokens), Chainlink Data Streams, isolated pools, position management, and multicall patterns. TypeScript SDK (@gmx-io/sdk) and direct contract interactions on Arbitrum and Avalanche.
goat
GOAT (Great Onchain Agent Toolkit) — 200+ protocol integrations across 30+ chains. Tool creation, framework adapters (AI SDK/LangChain/Eliza), DeFi actions (swap/bridge/transfer), wallet management, and modular plugin architecture for building onchain AI agents.
halmos
Halmos symbolic testing for Foundry — write symbolic Solidity tests that mathematically verify properties. Foundry-native (no new language), bounded model checking, counter-example generation, and lightweight alternative to Certora.
hardhat
Hardhat Solidity development framework — project setup, plugin ecosystem, testing with Mocha/Chai, deployment with Hardhat Ignition, contract verification, Hardhat Network forking, TypeScript configuration, and custom task creation. Works on any EVM chain.
helius
Comprehensive guide for Helius - Solana's leading RPC and API infrastructure provider. Covers RPC nodes, DAS (Digital Asset Standard) API, Enhanced Transactions, Priority Fees, Webhooks, ZK Compression, LaserStream gRPC, and the Helius SDK for building high-performance Solana applications
hyperlane
Hyperlane permissionless interoperability — Mailbox messaging, Interchain Security Modules (ISM), Warp Routes for token bridging, hooks, interchain accounts, and permissionless deployment to any chain. Covers Hyperlane SDK, contract interfaces, and custom security configurations.
hyperliquid
Hyperliquid perpetual futures DEX — order placement (market/limit/trigger/TWAP), position management, leverage up to 50x, WebSocket streaming, vault strategies, and L1 architecture. REST and WebSocket APIs with wallet signing authentication. Python SDK and TypeScript patterns.
jupiter
Comprehensive guidance for integrating Jupiter APIs (Ultra Swap, Lend, Perps, Trigger, Recurring, Tokens, Price, Portfolio, Prediction Markets, Send, Studio, Lock, Routing). Use for endpoint selection, integration flows, error handling, and production hardening.
kamino
Complete guide for Kamino Finance - Solana's leading DeFi protocol for lending, borrowing, liquidity management, and leverage trading. Covers klend-sdk (lending), kliquidity-sdk (automated liquidity strategies), scope-sdk (oracle aggregator), multiply/leverage operations, vaults, and obligation orders.
layerzero
LayerZero V2 cross-chain messaging — OApp framework, OFT (Omnichain Fungible Token), DVN configuration, executor setup, message options, and cross-chain deployment patterns. Covers lz-oapp contracts, EndpointV2 interface, message lifecycle, and security configuration across Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Optimism, and Polygon.
lido
Lido liquid staking protocol — stake ETH to receive stETH, wrap to wstETH for DeFi composability, manage withdrawal queue requests, read share rates and protocol state. Covers rebasing token pitfalls, 1-2 wei transfer rounding, wstETH/stETH conversion, and integration patterns for lending protocols and vaults.
light-protocol
Complete guide for Light Protocol on Solana - includes ZK Compression for rent-free compressed tokens and PDAs using zero-knowledge proofs, and the Light Token Program for high-performance token standard (200x cheaper than SPL). Covers TypeScript SDK, JSON RPC methods, and complete integration patterns.
lulo
Complete guide for Lulo - Solana's premier lending aggregator. Covers API integration for deposits, withdrawals, balance queries, Protected/Boosted deposits, Custom deposits, and automated yield optimization across Kamino, Drift, MarginFi, and Jupiter.
magicblock
Complete guide for MagicBlock Ephemeral Rollups - high-performance Solana execution with sub-10ms latency, gasless transactions, and Solana Plugins. Use when building real-time games, high-frequency trading, or any application requiring ultra-low latency on Solana.
maker
MakerDAO / Sky protocol -- Maker Vaults (CDPs) for DAI minting against collateral, DAI Savings Rate (DSR), Liquidation 2.0 with Dutch auctions, MKR governance, and Sky rebranding (USDS/SKY tokens). Covers DssProxyActions, Vat core accounting, Jug stability fees, and Spark Protocol integration.
marginfi
Complete guide for Marginfi - Solana's decentralized lending protocol for lending, borrowing, leveraged positions(looping) and flash loans. Covers account creation, deposits, borrows, repayments, withdrawals, flash loans, and leveraged positions using the @mrgnlabs/marginfi-client-v2 SDK.
megaeth
MegaETH real-time blockchain development — instant receipts, eth_sendRawTransactionSync, MegaNames, Warren sequencer, ERC-7710 delegations, and sub-millisecond storage optimization.
metaplex
Complete Metaplex Protocol guide for Solana NFTs and digital assets. Covers Core (next-gen NFTs), Token Metadata, Bubblegum (compressed NFTs), Candy Machine, Genesis (token launches), MPL-Hybrid, Inscriptions, DAS API, and the Umi framework. The single source of truth for all Metaplex integrations.
metengine
Real-time smart money analytics API for Polymarket prediction markets, Hyperliquid perpetual futures, and Meteora Solana LP/AMM pools. 63 endpoints. Pay-per-request via x402 on Solana Mainnet USDC. No API keys.
meteora
Complete Meteora DeFi SDK suite for building liquidity pools, AMMs, bonding curves, vaults, token launches, and zap operations on Solana. Use when integrating DLMM, DAMM v2, DAMM v1, Dynamic Bonding Curves, Alpha Vaults, Zap, or Stake-for-Fee functionality.
monad
Monad L1 development — parallel execution, MonadBFT consensus, 400ms blocks, gas-limit charging, opcode repricing, staking precompile, and deployment patterns.
morpho
Morpho Blue lending protocol — permissionless market creation, MetaMorpho vaults for curated lending, isolated lending markets with custom parameters (LLTV, oracle, IRM), supply, borrow, liquidation, and market management. Covers Morpho Blue singleton contract, MetaMorpho vault interface, and market ID derivation on Ethereum mainnet.
mythril
Mythril symbolic execution for Solidity — deep vulnerability detection via multi-transaction analysis, reentrancy, integer overflow, unchecked calls, and delegatecall exploits. Finds bugs that static analysis and fuzzing miss.
openzeppelin
OpenZeppelin Contracts v5 for building secure smart contracts. Covers ERC-20/721/1155 tokens, access control (Ownable, AccessControl, AccessManager), security utilities (ReentrancyGuard, Pausable, SafeERC20), upgradeable contracts (UUPS, Initializable), and Defender integration. Use when writing Solidity contracts that need battle-tested, audited building blocks.
optimism
Optimism and OP Stack development — deployment, cross-chain messaging (CrossDomainMessenger), SuperchainERC20, predeploy contracts, gas model (L1 data fee + EIP-4844), and Superchain interop.
orca
Complete guide for Orca - Solana's leading concentrated liquidity AMM (CLMM). Covers Whirlpools SDK for swaps, liquidity provision, pool creation, position management, and fee harvesting on Solana and Eclipse networks.
pendle
Pendle yield tokenization protocol — split yield-bearing assets into PT (Principal Token) and YT (Yield Token), trade fixed and variable yield on Pendle AMM, SY (Standardized Yield) token wrapping, and market operations. Covers Pendle Router, market math, and yield strategy patterns across Ethereum and Arbitrum.
pinocchio
Comprehensive guide for building high-performance Solana programs using Pinocchio - the zero-dependency, zero-copy framework. Covers account validation, CPI patterns, optimization techniques, and migration from Anchor.
polygon
Polygon ecosystem development — PoS chain deployment, zkEVM patterns, AggLayer interop, POL token migration, and bridging across Polygon chains.
polymarket
Polymarket CLOB prediction market integration — authentication (L1/L2 HMAC signing), order placement (limit, market, GTC, GTD, FOK), orderbook reading, market data (Gamma API), WebSocket subscriptions, CTF conditional token operations (split, merge, redeem), gasless trading via relayer, and builder program attribution.
privy
Embedded wallet SDK for dApps with social login, email, and passkey auth. Covers React SDK, server-side JWT verification, wallet management, and smart wallet integration. Acquired by Stripe (2025).
pumpfun
Complete PumpFun Protocol guide for building token launches, bonding curves, and AMM integrations on Solana. Covers Pump Program (token creation, buy/sell on bonding curves), PumpSwap AMM (liquidity pools, swaps), fee structures, creator fees, and SDK integration.
pyth
Pyth Network oracle for Solana — decentralized real-time price feeds for DeFi. Covers Anchor CPI integration, confidence intervals, EMA prices, on-chain/off-chain fetching, and streaming updates. For EVM chains, see the pyth-evm skill.
pyth-evm
Pyth pull oracle integration for EVM chains. Covers price feed updates, Hermes API, confidence intervals, sponsored feeds, Express Relay for MEV-protected liquidations, and Solidity/TypeScript patterns.
ranger-finance
Ranger Finance SDK for building perpetual futures trading applications on Solana. The first Solana Perps Aggregator - aggregates liquidity across multiple perp protocols (Drift, Flash, Adrena, Jupiter). Use when integrating perps trading, smart order routing, position management, or building AI trading agents.
raydium
Complete Raydium Protocol SDK - the single source of truth for integrating Raydium on Solana. Covers SDK, Trade API, CLMM, CPMM, AMM pools, LaunchLab token launches, farming, CPI integration, and all Raydium tools.
redstone
RedStone modular oracle -- Pull model (EVM Connector) for on-demand price data in calldata, Push model (classic feeds) for Chainlink-compatible interfaces, RedStone X for frontrunning protection, data packaging, and custom data feed creation.
safe
Safe (formerly Gnosis Safe) multisig SDK for creating, managing, and executing multi-signature transactions. Covers Safe{Core} SDK (protocol-kit, api-kit, relay-kit), deploying new Safes, proposing and confirming transactions, modules and guards, EIP-1271 signature validation, and Safe Transaction Service integration. Works on Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Optimism, Polygon, and 15+ EVM chains.
sanctum
Complete Sanctum SDK for liquid staking, LST swaps, and Infinity pool operations on Solana. Use when working with LSTs (mSOL, jitoSOL, bSOL, INF), staking SOL, swapping between liquid staking tokens, or integrating Sanctum's liquidity infrastructure.
scaffold-eth-2
Full-stack dApp development framework — quick start with npx create-eth@latest, Foundry/Hardhat monorepo, custom React hooks (useScaffoldWriteContract, useScaffoldReadContract, useDeployedContractInfo, useTransactor), contract hot reload, auto-generated debug page, three-phase build (Local to Testnet to Production), external contract integration, and deployment patterns.
sei
Sei parallelized EVM L1 — parallel transaction execution, SeiDB optimistic storage, native order matching engine, twin-turbo consensus, EVM and CosmWasm interop via pointer contracts, associated balances, and precompile contracts for staking, governance, and IBC.
semgrep-solidity
Semgrep rules for smart contract security — custom pattern matching, taint tracking, community rulesets, autofix rules, and CI/CD integration. Write targeted detection rules for Solidity vulnerabilities that static analyzers miss.
slither
Slither static analyzer for Solidity — installation, detector categories, triage workflow, custom detectors, printers, CI integration, and configuration. Run fast security scans on Hardhat and Foundry projects with 90+ built-in detectors.
solana-agent-kit
Comprehensive guide for building AI agents that interact with Solana blockchain using SendAI's Solana Agent Kit. Covers 60+ actions, LangChain/Vercel AI integration, MCP server setup, and autonomous agent patterns.
solana-kit
Complete guide for @solana/kit - the modern, tree-shakeable, zero-dependency JavaScript SDK from Anza. Covers RPC connections, signers, transaction building with pipe, signing, sending, and account fetching with full TypeScript support.
solana-kit-migration
Helps developers understand when to use @solana/kit vs @solana/web3.js (v1), provides migration guidance, API mappings, and handles edge cases for Solana JavaScript SDK transitions
solana-simd
Solana Improvement Documents reference — accounts model, PDAs, CPIs, Token Extensions (Token-2022), priority fees (SIMD-0096), address lookup tables, versioned transactions, rent mechanics, and key SIMD proposals (0033 fee markets, 0047 syscall, 0096 priority fees, 0172 staking).
solidity-security
Comprehensive Solidity security patterns, vulnerability prevention, and audit preparation. Covers reentrancy, access control, token decimals, oracle manipulation, vault inflation, proxy safety, EIP-712 signatures, MEV protection, and pre-deploy checklists. Every pattern includes wrong vs correct code.
squads
Complete guide for Squads Protocol - Solana's leading smart account and multisig infrastructure. Covers Squads V4 Multisig for team treasury management, Smart Account Program for account abstraction and programmable wallets, and Grid for stablecoin rails and fintech infrastructure.
starknet
StarkNet development with Cairo — smart contract patterns, native account abstraction, Scarb package manager, starknet.js integration, deployment, testing, and L1-L2 messaging.
sui
Sui Move-based L1 development — object-centric ownership model, Programmable Transaction Blocks (PTBs), Sui SDK (@mysten/sui), shared vs owned objects, Move module publishing, gas sponsorship, zkLogin authentication, and parallel execution via object ownership.
surfpool
Complete Surfpool development environment for Solana - drop-in replacement for solana-test-validator with mainnet forking, cheatcodes, Infrastructure as Code, and Surfpool Studio. The fastest way to develop and test Solana programs.
switchboard
Complete Switchboard Oracle Protocol SDK for Solana - the permissionless oracle solution for price feeds, on-demand data, VRF randomness, and real-time streaming via Surge. Covers TypeScript SDK, Rust integration, Oracle Quotes, and all Switchboard tools.
tenderly
Tenderly blockchain DevOps platform — transaction simulation API, fork environments for testing, Alerts and Webhooks for monitoring, Web3 Actions (serverless functions), contract verification, Gas Profiler, and Transaction Debugger. Covers REST API integration and Tenderly SDK.
the-graph
The Graph decentralized indexing protocol — subgraph development (schema.graphql, AssemblyScript mappings, subgraph.yaml manifest), GraphQL queries, Subgraph Studio deployment, hosted service migration, indexing optimization, and Graph Client for type-safe queries.
uniswap
Uniswap V3 and V4 DEX integration — exact input/output swaps via SwapRouter02 and UniversalRouter, concentrated liquidity positions via NonfungiblePositionManager, V4 hook architecture with PoolManager singleton, pool state reads (slot0, ticks, TWAP), and Permit2 token approvals. Covers Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, and Optimism.
vertex
Vertex Protocol cross-chain DEX — spot trading, perpetual contracts, money markets (lend/borrow), Vertex Edge cross-chain architecture, gas-free trading, Python SDK, WebSocket/REST gateway, subscriptions API, trigger orders, and margin management.
viem
TypeScript interface for Ethereum and EVM chains. Use for reading blockchain state, sending transactions, interacting with contracts, encoding/decoding ABI data, and building dApp backends. Transport-based architecture with full type safety over ABIs.
vulnhunter
Security vulnerability detection and variant analysis skill. Use when hunting for dangerous APIs, footgun patterns, error-prone configurations, and vulnerability variants across codebases. Combines sharp edges detection with variant hunting methodology.
wagmi
wagmi React hooks for Ethereum — createConfig, useAccount, useReadContract, useWriteContract, useWaitForTransactionReceipt, wallet connectors, SSR/Next.js patterns, and TanStack Query integration. Build type-safe dApp frontends with viem under the hood.
wormhole
Wormhole cross-chain messaging and token transfers — NTT (Native Token Transfers) framework, VAA (Verified Action Approvals), guardian network, automatic and manual relayers, Wormhole Queries for cross-chain reads, and Standard Relayer integration. Covers Wormhole SDK, contract interfaces, and deployment across Ethereum, Solana, Arbitrum, Base, and Optimism.
x402
HTTP 402 payment protocol for AI agent commerce — three-actor model (Client, Resource Server, Facilitator), ERC-3009 transferWithAuthorization, server middleware (@x402/express), client patterns in TypeScript and Python, facilitator integration, agent-to-agent payments, pricing strategies, and replay protection. Works on Base, Ethereum, Arbitrum, Optimism, Polygon, and Solana.
zksync
zkSync Era development — ZK-specific deployment patterns, native account abstraction, paymasters for gasless transactions, system contracts, and EVM differences.